Subcultures consist of people who participate in a lifestyle that is typically regarded as deviant in dominant society. Engagement in such deviant activities usher people to find other like-minded individuals and interact with them in order to build a culture. This helps in the development of perspectives about oneself with relation to others in society (Becker 1963).

The panopticon is a structure of power-knowledge, used by Michel Foucault to describe a system in which totalized surveillance can be organized.

Actor-Network Theory is a theoretical and methodological approach that sees all social phenomena as the product of network interactions. It is unique in that it recognizes both objects and technologies as network nodes equal with human actants.

A chronotope, as defined by Bakhtin, is a specific spacetime context enabling a plot, characters, and rules for action and meaning.

Identity refers to various aspects of how we see ourselves, how we show ourselves to others, and how we perceive others.

Hegemony refers to the dominance of certain ideas, images, discourses and ideologies, either generally or in specific domains.