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Children's Literature
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Children’s Literature (often abbreviated as CL) is literature written specifically for children, about children, consumed by children and even written by children. It is often also referred as Children and Young Adult Literature because its general audience is less than eighteen years old but also often addresses people in their mid twenties. For instance, picturebooks and YA novels are important book publishing formats in this literature. However, it is mainly adults who are responsible for the production, distribution and reception of children's books.
YA novel
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Young Adults novel (shortened as YA novel) is a literature subcategory within the Young Adult fiction genre. The concept of the young adult (YA) refers to adolescence and youth, though it is very context-dependent. According to the Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA) YA books are those aimed at people from 12 to 18 years old (teenagers). In most of the cases, the protagonists of the novels fall within those age ranges, and the story is told through teenage eyes.
Graphic Novel
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Graphic novels are a contemporary literature form of long stories told in comics format. They have the same characteristics of comics: multimodality, cartooning techniques and elements (panels, gutters).
Comics
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Comics (generally referring to comic books and comic strips) are a popular form of visual storytelling that combines still images and text.
Picturebook
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The picturebook is a storytelling medium that presents its text in both verbal and visual language. According to Barbara Bader (1976), a picturebook is words and illustrations in a total design, “an item of manufacture and a commercial product; a social, cultural, historic document; and foremost, an experience for a [reader / beholder]. As an art form it hinges on the interdependence of pictures and words, on the simultaneous display of two facing pages, and on the drama of the turning page” (ibid., p.1).
Intangible heritage
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According to UNESCO, the concept of ‘intangible heritage’ can be described as “the practices, expressions, knowledge and skills that communities, groups and sometimes individuals recognise as part of their cultural heritage."
Authorized Heritage Discourse
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The ‘Authorized Heritage Discourse’ (AHD) is a concept that was introduced by Laurajane Smith in 2006 to describe how attention is focused on “aesthetically pleasing material objects, sites, places and/or landscapes” through the dominance of “technical and aesthetic experts, and institutionalized in state cultural agencies and amenity societies”.
Heritage Participation
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Heritage participation refers to a variety of practices that focus on involving the public in relation to cultural heritage. Some of these practices might support co-creation and empowerment, while other practices might merely inform or consult the public — two activities that are not always considered 'genuine' participation.
Subculture
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Subcultures consist of people who participate in a lifestyle that is typically regarded as deviant in dominant society. Engagement in such deviant activities usher people to find other like-minded individuals and interact with them in order to build a culture. This helps in the development of perspectives about oneself with relation to others in society (Becker 1963).
Online-offline nexus
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The online-offline nexus is a description of social reality in the post-digital age. We live our social lives increasingly at the intersection of online and offline forces.
Culture
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Culture is shorthand for the stuff that makes human interactions meaningful and comprehensible.
Ideology
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Ideology is any set of socially structured ideas guiding behavior and thought in particular domains of life.
Orientalism
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Orientalism refers to a long tradition of Western representations of the Orient as exotic and 'non-coeval' with the West.
Indexicality
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Meaning that emerges out of text-context relations. Apart from (often) having a denotational meaning, linguistic and other signs are indexical in that they suggest metapragmatic, metalinguistic, metadiscursive features of meaning. Thus, an utterance may indexically invoke social norms, roles, identities.
Enoughness
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Enoughness is a theory of contemporary identity that states that identities are constructed out of a particular portion ("enough") of emblematic identity features.
Ethnography
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Ethnography can be defined as the small-scale study of human behavior through "clinical" observation and intersubjective participation.
